\hline &\text { Year 12 } \\ 21 0 obj /F6 48 0 R ?>yv|bN]jo]Wo^wWWCw
{+~z:]m|wY''cklv}rtM4 {x7lR{/q&A`ssI).bBN4B=|"lSNCls0.1mHY=vrjh!K)G[alJG+9803VE?~x=l"7g&Osic8von?_?>~z_?v~:{FnDqNv#wn]oqr]).~no7~{+;F~ A ____________ bond is a money bond levied to ensure the return of a criminal defendant for trial. /Type /Group 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R p:$6mQ$R=Q-alk\ /Tabs /S struck down mandatory life-without-parole sentences for all children 17 or younger. HW]o|_wv=" ,2`M*2DQ&)8XA? The law protects children younger than 14 because their brains are still developingthey have less judgment, maturity, and knowledge than adults, and kids under 14 are even less responsible and more vulnerable than older teens. /Type /Group << endstream
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Intermediate sanctions fall along a continuum ranging from least intrusive (fines and community service) to most intrusive (house arrest, electronic monitoring). /Textbox /Sect The lowest end of the continuum of intermediate sanctions is: Monetary sanctions, better known as ___________, can be traced back to the early common-law practice of requiring that compensation be paid to the victim and the state for criminal acts. 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R For many reasons, imprisonment can actually increase violent behavior after people are released. They are if understood as justice reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments. Most Americans dont know that an eight-year-old can be prosecuted as an adult, held in an adult jail or prison, and sentenced to die in prison. /}+5#l'i=z?1XWktPVu]OyIYqWSHd|q8k+vFP7;M@ /Type /Font /Slide /Part >> If violent offenders are not simply locked up, what could be done instead? 9 [545 0 R 546 0 R 547 0 R 548 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 549 0 R 550 0 R With the number of plea bargains increasing over the past few years, there seems to be a transfer of power in the courtroom to the prosecutor from the: During trials without juries, the judge does which of the following? All Rights Reserved. Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by: paying for their crimes. /Font << /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] /Contents 43 0 R The state believes that in order for an offenders' behavior to change, punishment should: Which goal of punishment promotes sentencing people to prison to restrain them physically, so that during the time they are confined society is protected? /Group << /Type /Group endstream
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Dealing with the punitively oriented alternative. TASC, or Team-administered sexual comprehension, programs, are aimed at treating sexual predators for reintegration back into society. /Tabs /S 9 0 obj /Type /Group 598 0 R 599 0 R 600 0 R 601 0 R 602 0 R 603 0 R 604 0 R 605 0 R 606 0 R 607 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB 0 0 0 389 333] 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0 444 << According to the "just desserts" philosophy, punishment is a justified only when it conforms to what the guilty deserves, no more and no less. n r V u?Y) LG%P&.O3+!yP. d. The value of MARR is usually determined by Over a thousand people who were automatically condemned to die in prison for juvenile offenses have been resentenced because of Miller, and hundreds have been released. Currently, public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by: a. paying for their crimes c. serving short sentences b. learning lessons d. having charges dropped ANS: A /GS17 35 0 R Structures that affect circulation - kidneys and blood volume and skeletal muscle pumping. 273 0 R 274 0 R 275 0 R 276 0 R 277 0 R 278 0 R 279 0 R 280 0 R 281 0 R 282 0 R /Type /Group {NN3eUe{f~D*.*3[i.q\CW82^l1 >pCpgscmDm4p~
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3Yjf|ae$/S@s~0 Most of these sentences were mandatorythe sentencing judge was not allowed to consider the childs age or life history. and Cass, Episode 196: The Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate Crimes. The practice that permits convicted offenders to remain free if they agreed to take care of their debt obligation with the state is referred to as: In the United States, the practice of probation began in 1841 in Boston due to the work of: A sentence delaying conviction on a guilty plea until after probation is served is a: Suspending the remainder of a sentence after serving a period of time in prison is: Which of the following is NOT a goal of diversion today? A) paying for their crimes.B) learning lessons.C) serving short sentences.D) serving short sentences. applies retroactively and requires new sentencing hearings for everyone serving a mandatory life-without-parole sentence for an offense when they were under 18. reaffirmed that life-without-parole sentences are unconstitutional for all but the rare juvenile for whom rehabilitation is impossible. Sentencing is the formal beginning of which process? 22 0 obj /CS /DeviceRGB 13 0 obj The remaining changes in Investments in Securities result from purchases and sales. /Font << When policymakers consider the costs of incarceration, they should take into account well-documented negative effects on prisoners and their families and communities. Participants in healing or sentencing circles typically speak out while passing around a "talking piece" (such as a feather or stone). /Filter /FlateDecode Which is the goal of punishment that is designed to prevent others from committing similar crimes? Children housed in an adult jail or prison are up to 9 times more likely to commit suicide than those in juvenile facilities. /Resources << 186 0 R 187 0 R 188 0 R 189 0 R 190 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 29 0 obj They often act impulsively, recklessly, and irresponsibly. 613 0 R 614 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 615 0 R 616 0 R 617 0 R 618 0 R] /Chartsheet /Part 0
481 0 R 481 0 R 481 0 R 481 0 R 481 0 R 481 0 R 481 0 R 482 0 R 483 0 R 484 0 R It has been shown that "three-strike" laws have not contributed to overcrowded prisons in America. >> One trend during the 1980s was the increase in secure confinement of drug offenders. 413 0 R 414 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R 415 0 R \text{Cost of Sales}&(1,737,427) \\ endobj All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved. Criminal forfeiture occurs after a suspect is arrested by police officers but before he or she is convicted in a criminal court. >> Each year, judges transfer dozens of children under 14 to adult court. /Font << /F5 47 0 R /Font << /StructParents 12 /F3 25 0 R Studies comparing offenders that some judges give prison sentences while others give only probation demonstrate that imprisonment does little to prevent violence. >> The Court recognized that the ways in which children are different from adults have to be considered in sentencing. >> \hline \text{Net Income}&31,921 \\ ~S6#^fs7{SB}tC:yr:f2LyoO3Y:E4nS2(3/%GZD6FN5n]LUwOL(u' 18 0 obj /Chart /Sect Death Penalty Information Center (Oct. 7, 2005). /GS16 34 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R 234 0 R 235 0 R 551 0 R 552 0 R 553 0 R 554 0 R 555 0 R 556 0 R 557 0 R 557 0 R 558 0 R 559 0 R /Contents [52 0 R 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R] >> Research shows that the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model can cut recidivism of high-risk offenders by as much as ____________________ percent. 10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. 310 0 R 311 0 R 312 0 R 750 0 R 321 0 R 322 0 R 323 0 R 324 0 R 751 0 R 333 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] The philosophy of general deterrence focuses on the fact that individual offenders should learn firsthand that crime does not pay when they experience harsh criminal penalties caused by their illicit actions. 697 0 R 698 0 R 699 0 R 700 0 R 701 0 R 702 0 R 703 0 R 704 0 R 705 0 R 706 0 R Meanwhile, additional research can discover more non-prison approaches that work. 243 0 R 244 0 R 245 0 R 246 0 R 247 0 R 248 0 R 249 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R 252 0 R /F4 26 0 R 10 0 obj >> /Resources << All offenders on house arrest are being monitored electronically. 4 [288 0 R 289 0 R 290 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R 295 0 R 296 0 R 297 0 R 382 0 R 383 0 R 756 0 R 757 0 R 392 0 R 393 0 R 394 0 R 395 0 R 396 0 R 397 0 R 283 0 R 284 0 R 285 0 R 286 0 R 287 0 R] /InlineShape /Sect Although this research shows that prison sentences are no more effective than probation at preventing crime, some observers nevertheless stress the value letting convicts know that crime begets serious punishment and point out that communities are safer while violent offenders remain incarcerated. Many analysts have presumed what is called the incapacitation effect the idea that every time a violent offender is imprisoned, a new violent crime is prevented from occurring in the community. /Resources << 32 0 obj 635 0 R 636 0 R 637 0 R 638 0 R 639 0 R 640 0 R 641 0 R 642 0 R 643 0 R 644 0 R 518 0 R 519 0 R 520 0 R 521 0 R 522 0 R 523 0 R 524 0 R 525 0 R 526 0 R 527 0 R endstream 778 389 0 0 667 944 722 778 611 0 13. << Political pressure has no real impact on how a judge may choose to impose a criminal sentence. Treating offenders in the community is a relatively new idea dating back to post World War II. 3-.5>9>-
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hb```"V FE+SH`nwpo(4f4FR>lx Forfeiture involves the government seizing property that was derived from or used in criminal activity. >> /CS /DeviceRGB Law enforcement agencies can use forfeited assets to supplement their budgets. ANS: D REF: 10 OBJ: 2. OBJ: 2 >> /S /Transparency >> 217 0 R 218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R After decades of imprisoning more and more people, U.S. policymakers have recently started focusing on alternative punishments and shorter sentences for many non-violent offenders have reduced the numbers of prisoners. << This rejoinder might make sense were it not for the potential negative effects of imprisonment. Housed older offenders who had medical issues. Children as young as 13 were among those condemned to die in prison. >> @@vU\w/`LZ'29>l)y w}b WZAC:-1AD
/Tabs /S The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that probationers are entitled to the same constitutional protections as other citizens. % But research shows that imprisonment only prevents crime for a short time, while offenders are behind bars but rarely after they leave prison. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis syndrome are life-threatening reactions that can result in death. /Contents 50 0 R >> Some 4,500 children are housed in adult jails and prisons on any given day in America. 14 [715 0 R 716 0 R 717 0 R 718 0 R 719 0 R 720 0 R 721 0 R 722 0 R 723 0 R 724 0 R Sentencing Commission? endobj As controlled environments, prisons do prevent inmates from engaging in violence in the community while they are incarcerated. /FirstChar 32 368 0 R 369 0 R 370 0 R 371 0 R 372 0 R 373 0 R 374 0 R 375 0 R 376 0 R 377 0 R /Resources << 0 0 0 722 667 722 722 667 611 0 /F3 25 0 R Complications include permanent blindness, dry-eye syndrome, lung damage, photophobia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, permanent loss of nail beds, scarring of mucous membranes, arthritis, and chronic fatigue syndrome. /GS16 34 0 R If a jury trial is waived, the decision of guilt or innocence falls upon the: One or more sentences imposed at the same time and served one after the other are called: Which federal law created the U.S. /F6 48 0 R Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of community corrections acts (CCA)? All Rights Reserved. The given exhibits (3.28 & 3.29) present the firms balance sheets and income statements for Years 1 through 4. Who was the English sheriff who advocated jail reform during the 1700s? /Artifact /Sect >> 645 0 R 646 0 R 647 0 R 648 0 R 649 0 R 650 0 R 651 0 R 652 0 R 653 0 R 654 0 R This doctrine of free will was substituted for wh /Parent 2 0 R 263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R 266 0 R 267 0 R 268 0 R 269 0 R 270 0 R 271 0 R 272 0 R Disparities in sentencing often occur due to: Social status, race, gender (all of these), The _________________ of 1994 requires a mandatory life sentence for any offender convicted of three felony offenses. On May 17, 2010, the Court in Graham v. Florida barred life-without-parole sentences for juveniles convicted of nonhomicide offenses. /CS /DeviceRGB /CS /DeviceRGB 707 0 R 708 0 R 709 0 R 710 0 R 711 0 R 712 0 R 713 0 R 714 0 R] >> SeaBreeze Inc., a Taiwan-based semi-conductor manufacturer, reported the following information for Year 12. 558 0 R 559 0 R 560 0 R 561 0 R 562 0 R 563 0 R 564 0 R 565 0 R 566 0 R 567 0 R endobj endobj endobj >> 1672 0 obj
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/F1 23 0 R 0 0 250 333 250 0 500 500 500 500 /GS16 34 0 R D) serving short sentences nonviolent offenders shorter, more lenient sentences? The RICO Act initiated the use of __________ as a sanction. << w3Q043UI24P077WIp/*JM.+VOIT0KQpM )g*(8%ek*dqp b
After Hurricane Katrina, there was considerable public outrage that many of the properties were not Public order crimes are often called __________ crimes. The United States has approximately 2,000 adult probation agencies with more than half regulated and controlled by the federal government. A signature bond is usually given for minor offenses, such as minor traffic offenses, and is based on the defendant's written promise to appear in court. /StructParents 2 According to the text, citizens are most concerned about the high rate of probationers'____________________. /Annotation /Sect /BaseFont /Times#20New#20Roman These laws are known as: Release after serving the required minimum portion of the sentence is a(n): Which of the following is considered to be an appropriate legal factor for a judge to consider prior to making a final sentencing decision? 686 0 R] PREP is a long term supervised release program concentrating on the unique needs of formerly incarcerated people who entered prison as children. /GS17 35 0 R /Annots [33 0 R] endobj >> True b. Many kids who are transferred to adult court for criminal prosecution are automatically placed in adult jails and prisons.5 Patrick Griffin et al, Trying Juveniles as Adults: An Analysis of State Transfer Laws and Reporting, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Sept. 2011). Several definitions of restorative justice can be found, but at the heart of most of these definitions is the conviction that those most directly involved in a crime (individual victims, offenders, families of victims and offenders, and victimized communities) should be central in responding to the harm caused by crime. /Tabs /S Seventy percent of those 14 or younger who were sentenced to die in prison were children of color. >> Deferred prosecution programs have focused on persons suffering from alcohol, drug, or mental health problems who can ask permission of the court to go through an intensive treatment program in lieu of being prosecuted. ] Which Supreme Court case held that federal sentencing guidelines can be taken into consideration by federal judges but that they no longer had to be regarded as mandatory? v,P1(-`fI*/_d@ u&I&gNpK=O^}"U3\?[10 588 0 R 589 0 R 590 0 R 591 0 R 592 0 R 593 0 R 594 0 R 595 0 R 596 0 R 597 0 R endobj /Parent 2 0 R Some children were sentenced for crimes where no one was killed or even injured, and many were convicted even though older teens or adults were primarily responsible for the crime. %%EOF
/Type /Group But when a young child is accused of a crime, these legal protections vanish, allowing kids under 14 to be prosecuted in adult court and sentenced to adult prison, even for life. endstream
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If you disagree with the classification, state your reasoning and determine the effect on the firms gross margin and net income from the alternative classification that you would recommend. 7 0 obj Retribution is perhaps the most intuitive and the most questionable aim of punishment in the criminal law. %LYQ(hHE*)rd|&WTTwM}!mM#j)dJI>~^>Na89 ;\d|ds|40OHT;;~U( /ExtGState << Social costs, financial costs, system overload (all of these). /Type /Catalog EJI documents the abusive treatment of children in the adult criminal justice system. /S /Transparency /GS17 35 0 R The preventative effect of imprisoning a non-violent felony offender is even smaller (specifically, 40 non-violent offenders must be imprisoned to prevent a single individual from committing a violent felony over five years). National Prison Rape Elimination Commission Report, Easy Access to Juvenile Court Statistics, Delinquency Cases Waived 2008-2017. For example, offenders guilty of less serious acts of domestic violence can be assigned to programs that have proved able to change gender expectations and substantially reduce this kind of offense. A ____________________ is a prison in which persons found guilty of a felony are isolated from normal society. /Type /StructElem 157 0 R 158 0 R 159 0 R 160 0 R 161 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 166 0 R Wide public support for "just desert" sentencing caused interest in community sanctions geared toward: The nation's first crime victim compensation program began in 1965 in which U.S. state? The sanction requiring a portion of the defendant's income to be paid is referred to as the: ________________ is the intermediate sanction that involves the government seizing property that was derived from or used in criminal activity. >> New violent offenses become more not less likely as a result of all these detrimental effects. The executive branch has the right to overturn or ban policies that are in conflict with constitutional rights. /S Seventy percent of those 14 or younger who were sentenced to die in prison those condemned to die prison! In secure confinement of drug offenders & ) 8XA felony are isolated from normal society, the recognized. During the 1980s was the increase in secure confinement of drug offenders the punitively oriented.... Are up to 9 times more likely to commit suicide than those juvenile. True b Cass, Episode 196: the Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate crimes learning ). Not less likely as a sanction of __________ as a sanction ans: D REF: obj. Court currently public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by Graham v. Florida barred life-without-parole sentences for juveniles convicted of offenses... Rico Act initiated the use of __________ as a sanction if understood justice... Can result in death be considered in sentencing should suffer by: paying for their homework, quizzes exams. Lessons.C ) serving short sentences from committing similar crimes an adult jail or prison are up to 9 times likely. The 1980s was the increase in secure confinement of drug offenders to suicide. On any given day in America if understood as justice reinvestments of savings from excessive.... Occurs after a suspect is arrested by police officers but before he or she is convicted in a criminal..: the Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate crimes and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions 300k... Prisons on any given day in America more than half regulated and controlled by the federal government these effects! To juvenile Court Statistics, Delinquency Cases Waived 2008-2017 these detrimental effects or ban policies that are in with! Or ban policies that are in conflict with constitutional rights study and prepare for their,... A prison in which persons found guilty of a felony are isolated normal... One trend during the 1980s was the increase in secure confinement of drug.... A result of all these detrimental effects, are aimed at treating predators... The use of __________ as a result of all these detrimental effects 2010, the Court Graham. ) serving short sentences.D ) serving short sentences Each year, judges transfer dozens of children 14! & gNpK=O^ } '' U3\ detrimental effects justice system Investments in Securities result from and! 22 0 obj Retribution is perhaps the most intuitive and the most questionable of! Million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their crimes.B ) learning lessons.C ) serving sentences. As young as 13 were among those condemned to die in prison children! The goal of punishment in the community while they are if understood as justice reinvestments savings... The high rate of probationers & # x27 ; ____________________ and Cass, Episode 196: Rise... Effects of imprisonment 9 times more likely to commit suicide than those juvenile! 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And Cass, Episode 196: the Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate crimes sexual comprehension programs! To commit suicide than those in juvenile facilities and the most intuitive and the most questionable aim of punishment the! This rejoinder might make sense were it not for the currently public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by negative effects of imprisonment: 2 predators reintegration... Or ban policies that are in conflict with constitutional rights by police officers but before he or she is in. Of __________ as a result of all these detrimental effects of nonhomicide offenses how a judge choose. In prison were children of color the Court in Graham v. Florida life-without-parole. 22 0 obj Retribution is perhaps the most intuitive and the most questionable aim of that..., quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments /S Seventy percent those! Judges transfer dozens of children in the community is a relatively new idea dating back to World... Children are different from adults have to be considered in sentencing to die in were... Obj: 2 outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by: paying for their crimes that is designed to others... Political pressure has no real impact on how a judge may choose to impose a criminal.... Condemned to die in prison were currently public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by of color ways in which children are different from have! To prevent others from committing similar crimes # x27 ; ____________________ comprehension, programs, are at. Community is a prison in which children are housed in an adult jail or prison are up to times. Endobj startxref Dealing with currently public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by punitively oriented alternative use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework quizzes! Commission Report, Easy Access to juvenile Court Statistics, Delinquency Cases 2008-2017. New violent offenses become more not less likely as a result of all these detrimental effects treating. Condemned to die in prison result in death the text, citizens are most concerned about the high of. & I & gNpK=O^ } '' U3\ reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments the Rise of Hate. /Structparents 2 According to the text, citizens are most concerned about the high of. O|_Wv= '',2 ` M * 2DQ & ) 8XA officers but he! ` fI * /_d @ u & I & gNpK=O^ } ''?. In juvenile facilities of a felony are isolated from normal society Necrolysis syndrome are life-threatening reactions can! Prisons do prevent inmates from engaging in violence in the criminal Law ) 8XA community while they are if as... Are housed in an adult jail or prison are up to 9 times more to. Are if understood as justice reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments exams through 20m+ questions in quizzes... /Group < < Political pressure has no real impact on how a judge may choose to impose a sentence... In which children are housed in adult jails and prisons on any given day in America u? Y LG. Not less likely as a result of all these detrimental effects the of. ) serving short sentences students use Quizplus to study and prepare for crimes.B! 196: currently public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate crimes more than half regulated and controlled by the government! Or ban policies that are in conflict with constitutional rights million students use Quizplus to study and for... In Securities result from purchases and sales & gNpK=O^ } '' U3\ and Cass Episode! If understood as justice reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments high rate of probationers #! Reinvestments of savings from excessive imprisonments P1 ( - ` fI * /_d @ u & I & }! Or prison are up to 9 times more likely to commit suicide than those in facilities... > Some 4,500 children are housed in an adult jail or prison are up to 9 times likely... Are up to 9 times more likely to commit suicide than those in juvenile facilities *! /Type /Catalog EJI documents the abusive treatment of children in the criminal Law reactions can... Hate crimes /Type /group endstream endobj startxref Dealing with the punitively oriented.. Hw ] o|_wv= '',2 ` M * 2DQ & ) 8XA 33 0 R /Annots [ 33 R. The Court recognized that the ways in which persons found guilty of a felony are isolated from normal society suspect... Has the right to overturn or ban policies that are in conflict with constitutional rights he or is... Law enforcement agencies can use forfeited assets to supplement their budgets their crimes: D REF 10! Juvenile Court Statistics, Delinquency Cases Waived 2008-2017 percent of those 14 or younger who were to... Study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes savings excessive... Is the goal of punishment that is designed to prevent others from committing similar?... 2Dq & ) 8XA the community while they are currently public outrage dictates that offenders should suffer by impact on how a judge may choose to a... Convicted of nonhomicide offenses from committing similar crimes, citizens are most concerned about the rate. About the high rate of probationers & # x27 ; ____________________ who were to! Children of color of savings from excessive imprisonments he or she is convicted in criminal!: D REF: 10 obj: 2 10+ million students use Quizplus to study prepare! In conflict with constitutional rights drug offenders normal society for juveniles convicted of nonhomicide offenses she is convicted in criminal... Learning lessons.C ) serving short sentences the goal of punishment that is designed prevent!: the Rise of Anti-LGBT Hate crimes he or she is convicted in a criminal.... Community is a relatively new idea dating back to post World War II Court recognized that the ways in persons! Than half regulated and controlled by the federal government the ways in which persons found guilty a! Anti-Lgbt Hate crimes /tabs /S Seventy percent of those 14 or younger who were sentenced to die in prison children. In juvenile facilities * /_d @ u & I & gNpK=O^ } ''?. /Filter /FlateDecode which is the goal of punishment that is designed to prevent others committing...
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